TY - JOUR
T1 - A novel approach to solve forward/inverse problems in remote sensing applications
AU - Stamnes, Knut
AU - Li, Wei
AU - Stamnes, Snorre
AU - Hu, Yongxiang
AU - Zhou, Yingzhen
AU - Chen, Nan
AU - Fan, Yongzhen
AU - Hamre, Børge
AU - Lu, Xiaomei
AU - Huang, Yuping
AU - Weimer, Carl
AU - Lee, Jennifer
AU - Zeng, Xubin
AU - Stamnes, Jakob
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2022 Stamnes, Li, Stamnes, Hu, Zhou, Chen, Fan, Hamre, Lu, Huang, Weimer, Lee, Zeng and Stamnes.
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - Inversion of electromagnetic (EM) signals reflected from or transmitted through a medium, or emitted by it due to internal sources can be used to investigate the optical and physical properties of a variety of scattering/absorbing/emitting materials. Such media encompass planetary atmospheres and surfaces (including water/snow/ice), and plant canopies. In many situations the signals emerging from such media can be described by a linear transport equation which in the case of EM radiation is the radiative transfer equation (RTE). Solutions of the RTE can be used as a forward model to solve the inverse problem to determine the medium state parameters giving rise to the emergent (reflected/transmitted/emitted) EM signals. A novel method is developed to determine layer-by-layer contributions to the emergent signals from such stratified, multilayered media based on the solution of the pertinent RTE. As a specific example of how this approach may be applied, the radiation reflected from a multilayered atmosphere is used to solve the problem relevant for EM probing by a space-based lidar system. The solutions agree with those obtained using the standard lidar approach for situations in which single scattering prevails, but this novel approach also yields reliable results for optically thick, multiple scattering aerosol and cloud layers that cannot be provided by the traditional lidar approach.
AB - Inversion of electromagnetic (EM) signals reflected from or transmitted through a medium, or emitted by it due to internal sources can be used to investigate the optical and physical properties of a variety of scattering/absorbing/emitting materials. Such media encompass planetary atmospheres and surfaces (including water/snow/ice), and plant canopies. In many situations the signals emerging from such media can be described by a linear transport equation which in the case of EM radiation is the radiative transfer equation (RTE). Solutions of the RTE can be used as a forward model to solve the inverse problem to determine the medium state parameters giving rise to the emergent (reflected/transmitted/emitted) EM signals. A novel method is developed to determine layer-by-layer contributions to the emergent signals from such stratified, multilayered media based on the solution of the pertinent RTE. As a specific example of how this approach may be applied, the radiation reflected from a multilayered atmosphere is used to solve the problem relevant for EM probing by a space-based lidar system. The solutions agree with those obtained using the standard lidar approach for situations in which single scattering prevails, but this novel approach also yields reliable results for optically thick, multiple scattering aerosol and cloud layers that cannot be provided by the traditional lidar approach.
KW - forward modeling
KW - integration of the source function
KW - inverse methods
KW - multiple scattering effects
KW - radar
KW - space lidar
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U2 - 10.3389/frsen.2022.1025447
DO - 10.3389/frsen.2022.1025447
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85162237505
VL - 3
JO - Frontiers in Remote Sensing
JF - Frontiers in Remote Sensing
M1 - 1025447
ER -