TY - JOUR
T1 - A reference architecture for the American Multi-Modal Energy System enterprise
AU - Thompson, Dakota J.
AU - Farid, Amro M.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2023/12
Y1 - 2023/12
N2 - The American Multimodal Energy System (AMES) is a system-of-systems comprised of four separate but interdependent infrastructure enterprises: the electric grid, the natural gas enterprise, the oil enterprise, and the coal enterprise. Their interdependence creates the need to better understand the underlying architecture in order to move towards a more sustainable, resilient and accessible energy system. Collectively, these requirements necessitate a sustainable energy transition that constitute a change in the AMES instantiated architecture; although it leaves its reference architecture largely unchanged. Consequently, from a model-based systems engineering perspective, identifying the underlying enterprise model's reference architecture becomes a high priority. This paper defines a reference architecture for the AMES and its four component energy enterprises in a single SysML model. The architecture includes (allocated) block definition and activity diagrams for each enterprise. The reference architecture was developed from the S&P Global Platts (GIS) Map Data Pro data set and the EIA Annual Energy Outlook dataset. This reference architecture serves as the foundation from which to accurately and consistently create mathematical and informatic digital twins of the AMES.
AB - The American Multimodal Energy System (AMES) is a system-of-systems comprised of four separate but interdependent infrastructure enterprises: the electric grid, the natural gas enterprise, the oil enterprise, and the coal enterprise. Their interdependence creates the need to better understand the underlying architecture in order to move towards a more sustainable, resilient and accessible energy system. Collectively, these requirements necessitate a sustainable energy transition that constitute a change in the AMES instantiated architecture; although it leaves its reference architecture largely unchanged. Consequently, from a model-based systems engineering perspective, identifying the underlying enterprise model's reference architecture becomes a high priority. This paper defines a reference architecture for the AMES and its four component energy enterprises in a single SysML model. The architecture includes (allocated) block definition and activity diagrams for each enterprise. The reference architecture was developed from the S&P Global Platts (GIS) Map Data Pro data set and the EIA Annual Energy Outlook dataset. This reference architecture serves as the foundation from which to accurately and consistently create mathematical and informatic digital twins of the AMES.
KW - American multi-modal energy system
KW - Energy systems
KW - Enterprise modeling
KW - Model-based systems engineering
KW - Reference architecture
KW - SysML
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jii.2023.100521
DO - 10.1016/j.jii.2023.100521
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85172028780
SN - 2452-414X
VL - 36
JO - Journal of Industrial Information Integration
JF - Journal of Industrial Information Integration
M1 - 100521
ER -