A Survey on the Metaverse: The State-of-the-Art, Technologies, Applications, and Challenges

Hang Wang, Huansheng Ning, Yujia Lin, Wenxi Wang, Sahraoui Dhelim, Fadi Farha, Jianguo Ding, Mahmoud Daneshmand

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

330 Scopus citations

Abstract

In recent years, the concept of the Metaverse has attracted considerable attention. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the Metaverse. First, the development status of the Metaverse is presented. We summarize the policies of various countries, companies, and organizations relevant to the Metaverse, as well as statistics on the number of Metaverse-related publications. Characteristics of the Metaverse are identified: 1) multitechnology convergence; 2) sociality; and 3) hyper-spatio-temporality. For the multitechnology convergence of the Metaverse, we divide the technological framework of the Metaverse into five dimensions. For the sociality of the Metaverse, we focus on the Metaverse as a virtual social world. Regarding the characteristic of hyper-spatio-temporality, we introduce the Metaverse as an open, immersive, and interactive 3-D virtual world which can break through the constraints of time and space in the real world. The challenges of the Metaverse are also discussed.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)14671-14688
Number of pages18
JournalIEEE Internet of Things Journal
Volume10
Issue number16
DOIs
StatePublished - 15 Aug 2023

Keywords

  • Hyper-spatio-temporality
  • metaverse
  • multitechnology convergence
  • sociality

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