TY - JOUR
T1 - An Enterprise Control Assessment Method for Variable Energy Resource-Induced Power System Imbalances - Part II
T2 - Parametric Sensitivity Analysis
AU - Muzhikyan, Aramazd
AU - Farid, Amro M.
AU - Youcef-Toumi, Kamal
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 1982-2012 IEEE.
PY - 2015/4
Y1 - 2015/4
N2 - In recent years, renewable energy has developed to address energy security and climate change drivers. However, as energy resources, they possess a variable and uncertain nature that significantly complicates grid balancing operations. As a result, an extensive academic and industrial literature has developed to determine how much such variable energy resources (VERs) may be integrated and how to best mitigate their impacts. While certainly insightful with the context of their application, many integration studies have methodological limitations because they are case specific, address a single control function of the power grid balancing operations, and are often not validated by simulation. The prequel to this paper presented a holistic method for the assessment of power grid imbalances induced by VERs based upon the concept of enterprise control. This paper now systematically studies these power grid imbalances in terms of five independent variables: 1) day-ahead market time step; 2) real-time market time step; 3) VER normalized variability; 4) normalized day-ahead VER forecast error; and 5) normalized short-term VER forecast error. The systematic study elucidates the impacts of these variables and provides significant insights as to how planners should address these independent variables in the future.
AB - In recent years, renewable energy has developed to address energy security and climate change drivers. However, as energy resources, they possess a variable and uncertain nature that significantly complicates grid balancing operations. As a result, an extensive academic and industrial literature has developed to determine how much such variable energy resources (VERs) may be integrated and how to best mitigate their impacts. While certainly insightful with the context of their application, many integration studies have methodological limitations because they are case specific, address a single control function of the power grid balancing operations, and are often not validated by simulation. The prequel to this paper presented a holistic method for the assessment of power grid imbalances induced by VERs based upon the concept of enterprise control. This paper now systematically studies these power grid imbalances in terms of five independent variables: 1) day-ahead market time step; 2) real-time market time step; 3) VER normalized variability; 4) normalized day-ahead VER forecast error; and 5) normalized short-term VER forecast error. The systematic study elucidates the impacts of these variables and provides significant insights as to how planners should address these independent variables in the future.
KW - Power system imbalances
KW - reserve requirements
KW - variable energy resource integration
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84924872963&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84924872963&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/TIE.2015.2395380
DO - 10.1109/TIE.2015.2395380
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84924872963
SN - 0278-0046
VL - 62
SP - 2459
EP - 2467
JO - IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics
JF - IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics
IS - 4
M1 - 7018074
ER -