Analysis of Penetration Depth and Average SAR in Double-Ridge Open-Ended Waveguide Antennas for Skin Cancer Detection at Millimeter-Wave Regime

Milad Mirzaee; Yanghyo Kim

doi:10.1109/AP-S/USNC-URSI47032.2022.9886661

Analysis of Penetration Depth and Average SAR in Double-Ridge Open-Ended Waveguide Antennas for Skin Cancer Detection at Millimeter-Wave Regime

Milad Mirzaee
, Yanghyo Kim

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering

Stevens Institute of Technology

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

Abstract

This paper presents the assessment of penetration depth and average specific absorption rate (SAR) in ultra-wideband double-ridge open-ended waveguide antennas (OE-WAs) for skin cancer detection at millimeter-wave (mm-wave) regime. Specifically, two double-ridge OEWAs with 15-40-GHz and 40-110-GHz bandwidths are designed and fabricated. Each antenna demonstrates |S11|<-10 dB and stable and symmetric radiation patterns across 15-40 GHz and 40-110 GHz with aperture sizes of 9.47×5.79 mm2 and 3.78×2.27 mm2, respectively. To understand how the electric field affects the subcutaneous layers, a 3D realistic biological model consisting of skin, fat, and muscle is adopted. The findings suggest that the proposed antennas can detect early-stage skin cancer even in the worst-case situation of very thick skin, i.e., when cancer begins to grow at a depth of roughly 0.2mm, which corresponds to the bottom layer of epidermis. Additionally, the average SAR values are well within the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) safety standard.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	2022 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/URSI 2022 - Proceedings
Pages	101-102
Number of pages	2
ISBN (Electronic)	9781665496582
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/AP-S/USNC-URSI47032.2022.9886661
State	Published - 2022
Event	2022 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/URSI 2022 - Denver, United States Duration: 10 Jul 2022 → 15 Jul 2022

Publication series

Name	2022 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/URSI 2022 - Proceedings

Conference

Conference	2022 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/URSI 2022
Country/Territory	United States
City	Denver
Period	10/07/22 → 15/07/22

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

Access to Document

10.1109/AP-S/USNC-URSI47032.2022.9886661

Cite this

Mirzaee, M., & Kim, Y. (2022). Analysis of Penetration Depth and Average SAR in Double-Ridge Open-Ended Waveguide Antennas for Skin Cancer Detection at Millimeter-Wave Regime. In 2022 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/URSI 2022 - Proceedings (pp. 101-102). (2022 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/URSI 2022 - Proceedings). https://doi.org/10.1109/AP-S/USNC-URSI47032.2022.9886661

Mirzaee, Milad ; Kim, Yanghyo. / Analysis of Penetration Depth and Average SAR in Double-Ridge Open-Ended Waveguide Antennas for Skin Cancer Detection at Millimeter-Wave Regime. 2022 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/URSI 2022 - Proceedings. 2022. pp. 101-102 (2022 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/URSI 2022 - Proceedings).

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title = "Analysis of Penetration Depth and Average SAR in Double-Ridge Open-Ended Waveguide Antennas for Skin Cancer Detection at Millimeter-Wave Regime",

abstract = "This paper presents the assessment of penetration depth and average specific absorption rate (SAR) in ultra-wideband double-ridge open-ended waveguide antennas (OE-WAs) for skin cancer detection at millimeter-wave (mm-wave) regime. Specifically, two double-ridge OEWAs with 15-40-GHz and 40-110-GHz bandwidths are designed and fabricated. Each antenna demonstrates |S11|<-10 dB and stable and symmetric radiation patterns across 15-40 GHz and 40-110 GHz with aperture sizes of 9.47×5.79 mm2 and 3.78×2.27 mm2, respectively. To understand how the electric field affects the subcutaneous layers, a 3D realistic biological model consisting of skin, fat, and muscle is adopted. The findings suggest that the proposed antennas can detect early-stage skin cancer even in the worst-case situation of very thick skin, i.e., when cancer begins to grow at a depth of roughly 0.2mm, which corresponds to the bottom layer of epidermis. Additionally, the average SAR values are well within the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) safety standard.",

author = "Milad Mirzaee and Yanghyo Kim",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 IEEE.; 2022 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/URSI 2022 ; Conference date: 10-07-2022 Through 15-07-2022",

year = "2022",

doi = "10.1109/AP-S/USNC-URSI47032.2022.9886661",

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series = "2022 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/URSI 2022 - Proceedings",

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Mirzaee, M & Kim, Y 2022, Analysis of Penetration Depth and Average SAR in Double-Ridge Open-Ended Waveguide Antennas for Skin Cancer Detection at Millimeter-Wave Regime. in 2022 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/URSI 2022 - Proceedings. 2022 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/URSI 2022 - Proceedings, pp. 101-102, 2022 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/URSI 2022, Denver, United States, 10/07/22. https://doi.org/10.1109/AP-S/USNC-URSI47032.2022.9886661

Analysis of Penetration Depth and Average SAR in Double-Ridge Open-Ended Waveguide Antennas for Skin Cancer Detection at Millimeter-Wave Regime. / Mirzaee, Milad; Kim, Yanghyo.
2022 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/URSI 2022 - Proceedings. 2022. p. 101-102 (2022 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/URSI 2022 - Proceedings).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

TY - GEN

T1 - Analysis of Penetration Depth and Average SAR in Double-Ridge Open-Ended Waveguide Antennas for Skin Cancer Detection at Millimeter-Wave Regime

AU - Mirzaee, Milad

AU - Kim, Yanghyo

PY - 2022

Y1 - 2022

N2 - This paper presents the assessment of penetration depth and average specific absorption rate (SAR) in ultra-wideband double-ridge open-ended waveguide antennas (OE-WAs) for skin cancer detection at millimeter-wave (mm-wave) regime. Specifically, two double-ridge OEWAs with 15-40-GHz and 40-110-GHz bandwidths are designed and fabricated. Each antenna demonstrates |S11|<-10 dB and stable and symmetric radiation patterns across 15-40 GHz and 40-110 GHz with aperture sizes of 9.47×5.79 mm2 and 3.78×2.27 mm2, respectively. To understand how the electric field affects the subcutaneous layers, a 3D realistic biological model consisting of skin, fat, and muscle is adopted. The findings suggest that the proposed antennas can detect early-stage skin cancer even in the worst-case situation of very thick skin, i.e., when cancer begins to grow at a depth of roughly 0.2mm, which corresponds to the bottom layer of epidermis. Additionally, the average SAR values are well within the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) safety standard.

AB - This paper presents the assessment of penetration depth and average specific absorption rate (SAR) in ultra-wideband double-ridge open-ended waveguide antennas (OE-WAs) for skin cancer detection at millimeter-wave (mm-wave) regime. Specifically, two double-ridge OEWAs with 15-40-GHz and 40-110-GHz bandwidths are designed and fabricated. Each antenna demonstrates |S11|<-10 dB and stable and symmetric radiation patterns across 15-40 GHz and 40-110 GHz with aperture sizes of 9.47×5.79 mm2 and 3.78×2.27 mm2, respectively. To understand how the electric field affects the subcutaneous layers, a 3D realistic biological model consisting of skin, fat, and muscle is adopted. The findings suggest that the proposed antennas can detect early-stage skin cancer even in the worst-case situation of very thick skin, i.e., when cancer begins to grow at a depth of roughly 0.2mm, which corresponds to the bottom layer of epidermis. Additionally, the average SAR values are well within the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) safety standard.

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M3 - Conference contribution

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Mirzaee M, Kim Y. Analysis of Penetration Depth and Average SAR in Double-Ridge Open-Ended Waveguide Antennas for Skin Cancer Detection at Millimeter-Wave Regime. In 2022 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/URSI 2022 - Proceedings. 2022. p. 101-102. (2022 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/URSI 2022 - Proceedings). doi: 10.1109/AP-S/USNC-URSI47032.2022.9886661

Analysis of Penetration Depth and Average SAR in Double-Ridge Open-Ended Waveguide Antennas for Skin Cancer Detection at Millimeter-Wave Regime

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