TY - JOUR
T1 - Aqueous solubility and alkaline hydrolysis of the novel high explosive hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20)
AU - Karakaya, Pelin
AU - Sidhoum, Mohammed
AU - Christodoulatos, Christos
AU - Nicolich, Steve
AU - Balas, Wendy
PY - 2005/4/11
Y1 - 2005/4/11
N2 - The recently developed polycyclic nitramine CL-20 is considered as a possible replacement for the monocyclic nitramines RDX and HMX. The present study reports aqueous solubility data for CL-20, as well as the kinetic parameters for its alkaline hydrolysis with sodium hydroxide below and above its solubility limits. Aqueous solubility of CL-20 was measured in the temperature range of 4-69°C and the data were fitted to a generalized solubility model. Alkaline hydrolysis experiments were conducted at 15, 20, 30 and 40°C, with hydroxide concentrations ranging from 0.25 to 300 mM. Like RDX and HMX, alkaline hydrolysis of CL-20 follows second-order kinetics. CL-20 alkaline hydrolysis was found to proceed at a significantly faster rate than RDX. The temperature dependency of the second-order rate constants was evaluated using the Arrhenius model. The activation energy for CL-20 was found to be within close range of the activation energies reported for RDX and HMX.
AB - The recently developed polycyclic nitramine CL-20 is considered as a possible replacement for the monocyclic nitramines RDX and HMX. The present study reports aqueous solubility data for CL-20, as well as the kinetic parameters for its alkaline hydrolysis with sodium hydroxide below and above its solubility limits. Aqueous solubility of CL-20 was measured in the temperature range of 4-69°C and the data were fitted to a generalized solubility model. Alkaline hydrolysis experiments were conducted at 15, 20, 30 and 40°C, with hydroxide concentrations ranging from 0.25 to 300 mM. Like RDX and HMX, alkaline hydrolysis of CL-20 follows second-order kinetics. CL-20 alkaline hydrolysis was found to proceed at a significantly faster rate than RDX. The temperature dependency of the second-order rate constants was evaluated using the Arrhenius model. The activation energy for CL-20 was found to be within close range of the activation energies reported for RDX and HMX.
KW - Alkaline hydrolysis
KW - CL-20
KW - HNIW
KW - Kinetics
KW - Solubility
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.01.001
DO - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.01.001
M3 - Article
C2 - 15811680
AN - SCOPUS:16344370050
SN - 0304-3894
VL - 120
SP - 183
EP - 191
JO - Journal of Hazardous Materials
JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials
IS - 1-3
ER -