Artificial Intelligence and Human Trust in Healthcare: Focus on Clinicians

Onur Asan, Alparslan Emrah Bayrak, Avishek Choudhury

    Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

    365 Scopus citations

    Abstract

    Artificial intelligence (AI) can transform health care practices with its increasing ability to translate the uncertainty and complexity in data into actionable-though imperfect-clinical decisions or suggestions. In the evolving relationship between humans and AI, trust is the one mechanism that shapes clinicians' use and adoption of AI. Trust is a psychological mechanism to deal with the uncertainty between what is known and unknown. Several research studies have highlighted the need for improving AI-based systems and enhancing their capabilities to help clinicians. However, assessing the magnitude and impact of human trust on AI technology demands substantial attention. Will a clinician trust an AI-based system? What are the factors that influence human trust in AI? Can trust in AI be optimized to improve decision-making processes? In this paper, we focus on clinicians as the primary users of AI systems in health care and present factors shaping trust between clinicians and AI. We highlight critical challenges related to trust that should be considered during the development of any AI system for clinical use.

    Original languageEnglish
    Article numbere15154
    JournalJournal of Medical Internet Research
    Volume22
    Issue number6
    DOIs
    StatePublished - Jun 2020

    Keywords

    • Bias
    • FDA policy
    • Health care
    • Human-AI collaboration
    • Technology adoption
    • Trust

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