TY - JOUR
T1 - Assessment of soil washing for heavy metal contaminated paddy soil using FeCl3 washing solutions
AU - Moon, Deok Hyun
AU - Chang, Yoon Young
AU - Lee, Minho
AU - Koutsospyros, Agamemnon
AU - Koh, Il Ha
AU - Ji, Won Hyun
AU - Park, Jeong Hun
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. part of Springer Nature.
PY - 2021/9
Y1 - 2021/9
N2 - In this study, soil washing is applied for the remediation of heavy-metal (Pb, Cu and Zn) contaminated paddy soil located near an abandoned mine area. FeCl3 washing solutions were used in bench-scale soil washing experiments at concentrations in the range of 0.1 to 1 M. The strong acid, HCl was also used in this study for comparison. The washing process was performed at room temperature, mixing at 200 RPM for 1 h and a liquid to solid ratio of 2. A sequential extraction technique was performed to evaluate the chemical fractions of Pb in the soils. The soil washing effectiveness was evaluated and compared against regulations applicable to residential districts (Korean warning standards). The soil washing results showed that the heavy metal concentrations were reduced with increasing concentrations of FeCl3. Moreover, the lowest heavy metal concentrations were obtained with a 1 M FeCl3 washing solution. In the case of Pb removal, a 0.3 M FeCl3 washing solution was required to comply with the Korean warning standard of 200 mg/kg. The lowest Pb concentration of 117 mg/kg was obtained with 1 M FeCl3. Similar washing results were also obtained with HCl. The initial total concentrations for Cu and Zn were below the Korean warning standards of 150 and 300 mg/kg, respectively. Consequently, the reduction in Cu and Zn from the contaminated paddy soil using FeCl3 washing solutions was rather limited. The sequential extraction results showed that the exchangeable and weak acid-soluble fractions of Pb were significantly reduced upon FeCl3 washing.
AB - In this study, soil washing is applied for the remediation of heavy-metal (Pb, Cu and Zn) contaminated paddy soil located near an abandoned mine area. FeCl3 washing solutions were used in bench-scale soil washing experiments at concentrations in the range of 0.1 to 1 M. The strong acid, HCl was also used in this study for comparison. The washing process was performed at room temperature, mixing at 200 RPM for 1 h and a liquid to solid ratio of 2. A sequential extraction technique was performed to evaluate the chemical fractions of Pb in the soils. The soil washing effectiveness was evaluated and compared against regulations applicable to residential districts (Korean warning standards). The soil washing results showed that the heavy metal concentrations were reduced with increasing concentrations of FeCl3. Moreover, the lowest heavy metal concentrations were obtained with a 1 M FeCl3 washing solution. In the case of Pb removal, a 0.3 M FeCl3 washing solution was required to comply with the Korean warning standard of 200 mg/kg. The lowest Pb concentration of 117 mg/kg was obtained with 1 M FeCl3. Similar washing results were also obtained with HCl. The initial total concentrations for Cu and Zn were below the Korean warning standards of 150 and 300 mg/kg, respectively. Consequently, the reduction in Cu and Zn from the contaminated paddy soil using FeCl3 washing solutions was rather limited. The sequential extraction results showed that the exchangeable and weak acid-soluble fractions of Pb were significantly reduced upon FeCl3 washing.
KW - FeCl
KW - Heavy metal
KW - Paddy soil
KW - Pb
KW - Soil washing
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U2 - 10.1007/s10653-021-00815-3
DO - 10.1007/s10653-021-00815-3
M3 - Article
C2 - 33661450
AN - SCOPUS:85102177667
SN - 0269-4042
VL - 43
SP - 3343
EP - 3350
JO - Environmental Geochemistry and Health
JF - Environmental Geochemistry and Health
IS - 9
ER -