TY - JOUR
T1 - Biodegradation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)
T2 - A review
AU - Zhang, Zhiming
AU - Sarkar, Dibyendu
AU - Biswas, Jayanta Kumar
AU - Datta, Rupali
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2022/1
Y1 - 2022/1
N2 - Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of chemicals widely manufactured for industrial and commercial applications in the past decades due to their remarkable stability as well as hydrophobic and lipophobic nature. PFAS species have been recognized as emerging environmental contaminants of concern due to their toxicity and environmental persistence, thereby attracting intensive research seeking effective technologies for their removal from the environment. The objective of this review is to provide a thorough analysis of the biodegradation of PFAS in multiple environmental matrices and offer a future outlook. By discussing targeted PFAS species, degradation intermediates, degradation efficiencies, and microbial species, a comprehensive summary of the known microbial species and their degradation pathways are presented. The biodegradation pathways for different types of PFAS species are summarized in two major categories, biodegradation with and without the cleavage of C-F bond. Existing uncertainties and future research directions for PFAS biodegradation are provided.
AB - Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of chemicals widely manufactured for industrial and commercial applications in the past decades due to their remarkable stability as well as hydrophobic and lipophobic nature. PFAS species have been recognized as emerging environmental contaminants of concern due to their toxicity and environmental persistence, thereby attracting intensive research seeking effective technologies for their removal from the environment. The objective of this review is to provide a thorough analysis of the biodegradation of PFAS in multiple environmental matrices and offer a future outlook. By discussing targeted PFAS species, degradation intermediates, degradation efficiencies, and microbial species, a comprehensive summary of the known microbial species and their degradation pathways are presented. The biodegradation pathways for different types of PFAS species are summarized in two major categories, biodegradation with and without the cleavage of C-F bond. Existing uncertainties and future research directions for PFAS biodegradation are provided.
KW - Biodegradation
KW - C-F bond cleavage
KW - Fate and pathways
KW - Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)
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U2 - 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126223
DO - 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126223
M3 - Review article
C2 - 34756980
AN - SCOPUS:85119908006
SN - 0960-8524
VL - 344
JO - Bioresource Technology
JF - Bioresource Technology
M1 - 126223
ER -