TY - JOUR
T1 - Channel Estimation for Millimeter-Wave Multiuser MIMO Systems via PARAFAC Decomposition
AU - Zhou, Zhou
AU - Fang, Jun
AU - Yang, Linxiao
AU - Li, Hongbin
AU - Chen, Zhi
AU - Li, Shaoqian
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2002-2012 IEEE.
PY - 2016/11
Y1 - 2016/11
N2 - We consider the problem of uplink channel estimation for millimeter wave (mmWave) systems, where the base station (BS) and mobile stations (MSs) are equipped with large antenna arrays to provide sufficient beamforming gain for outdoor wireless communications. Hybrid analog and digital beamforming structures are employed by both the BS and the MS due to hardware constraints. We propose a layered pilot transmission scheme and a CANDECOMP/PARAFAC (CP) decomposition-based method for joint estimation of the channels from multiple users (i.e., MSs) to the BS. The proposed method exploits the intrinsic low-rank structure of the multiway data collected from multiple modes, where the low-rank structure is a result of the sparse scattering nature of the mmWave channel. The uniqueness of the CP decomposition is studied, and the sufficient conditions for essential uniqueness are obtained. The conditions shed light on the design of the beamforming matrix, the combining matrix, and the pilot sequences, and meanwhile provide general guidelines for choosing system parameters. Our analysis reveals that our proposed method can achieve a substantial training overhead reduction by leveraging the low-rank structure of the received signal. Simulation results show that the proposed method presents a clear advantage over a compressed sensing-based method in terms of both estimation accuracy and computational complexity.
AB - We consider the problem of uplink channel estimation for millimeter wave (mmWave) systems, where the base station (BS) and mobile stations (MSs) are equipped with large antenna arrays to provide sufficient beamforming gain for outdoor wireless communications. Hybrid analog and digital beamforming structures are employed by both the BS and the MS due to hardware constraints. We propose a layered pilot transmission scheme and a CANDECOMP/PARAFAC (CP) decomposition-based method for joint estimation of the channels from multiple users (i.e., MSs) to the BS. The proposed method exploits the intrinsic low-rank structure of the multiway data collected from multiple modes, where the low-rank structure is a result of the sparse scattering nature of the mmWave channel. The uniqueness of the CP decomposition is studied, and the sufficient conditions for essential uniqueness are obtained. The conditions shed light on the design of the beamforming matrix, the combining matrix, and the pilot sequences, and meanwhile provide general guidelines for choosing system parameters. Our analysis reveals that our proposed method can achieve a substantial training overhead reduction by leveraging the low-rank structure of the received signal. Simulation results show that the proposed method presents a clear advantage over a compressed sensing-based method in terms of both estimation accuracy and computational complexity.
KW - CANDECOMP/PARAFAC (CP) decomposition
KW - Mm-Wave systems
KW - channel estimation
KW - compressed sensing
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85027068163&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85027068163&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/TWC.2016.2604259
DO - 10.1109/TWC.2016.2604259
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85027068163
SN - 1536-1276
VL - 15
SP - 7501
EP - 7516
JO - IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
JF - IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
IS - 11
ER -