TY - JOUR
T1 - Degradation of high energetic and insensitive munitions compounds by Fe/Cu bimetal reduction
AU - Koutsospyros, Agamemnon
AU - Pavlov, Julius
AU - Fawcett, Jacqueline
AU - Strickland, David
AU - Smolinski, Benjamin
AU - Braida, Washington
PY - 2012/6/15
Y1 - 2012/6/15
N2 - A reductive technology based on a completely mixed two-phase reactor (bimetallic particles and aqueous stream) was developed for the treatment of aqueous effluents contaminated with nitramines and nitro-substituted energetic materials. Experimental degradation studies were performed using solutions of three high energetics (RDX, HMX, TNT) and three insensitive-munitions components (NTO, NQ, DNAN). The study shows that, on laboratory scale, these energetic compounds are easily degraded in solution by suspensions of bimetallic particles (Fe/Ni and Fe/Cu) prepared by electro-less deposition. The type of bimetal pair (Fe/Cu or Fe/Ni) does not appear to affect the degradation kinetics of RDX, HMX, and TNT. The degradation of all components followed apparent first-order kinetics. The half-lives of all compounds except NTO were under 10. min. Additional parameters affectingthe degradation processes were solids loading and initial pH.
AB - A reductive technology based on a completely mixed two-phase reactor (bimetallic particles and aqueous stream) was developed for the treatment of aqueous effluents contaminated with nitramines and nitro-substituted energetic materials. Experimental degradation studies were performed using solutions of three high energetics (RDX, HMX, TNT) and three insensitive-munitions components (NTO, NQ, DNAN). The study shows that, on laboratory scale, these energetic compounds are easily degraded in solution by suspensions of bimetallic particles (Fe/Ni and Fe/Cu) prepared by electro-less deposition. The type of bimetal pair (Fe/Cu or Fe/Ni) does not appear to affect the degradation kinetics of RDX, HMX, and TNT. The degradation of all components followed apparent first-order kinetics. The half-lives of all compounds except NTO were under 10. min. Additional parameters affectingthe degradation processes were solids loading and initial pH.
KW - Bimetal
KW - DNAN
KW - Degradation reduction
KW - Energetics
KW - HMX
KW - Munitions
KW - NQ
KW - NTO
KW - RDX
KW - TNT
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84860779805&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84860779805&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.03.048
DO - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.03.048
M3 - Article
C2 - 22520073
AN - SCOPUS:84860779805
SN - 0304-3894
VL - 219-220
SP - 75
EP - 81
JO - Journal of Hazardous Materials
JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials
ER -