TY - GEN
T1 - Detecting hidden messages using image power spectrum
AU - Amin, Palak
AU - Subbalakshmi, K. P.
PY - 2006
Y1 - 2006
N2 - In this paper we present a study of the effects of data hiding on the power spectra of digital images. Several imperceptible data hiding techniques have been proposed that provide strong visual security and robustness. Although imperceptible to the human visual system, the hidden data affects the natural qualities of the image, such as the image power spectrum. In this study, we classify a large image database into a number of categories. For each category, we calculate the slope of the power spectra for the marked and unmarked images. We note that in the case of spatial data hiding the average slope of the power spectra of marked images is 54.93% higher compared to that of the unmarked images. Also in the cases of transform domain data hiding we note that the average slope of the power spectra of the images marked using a discrete cosine (wavelet) transform (DC(W)T) based technique is higher by 9.12% (38.39%). We also test a commercially available data hiding software namely Digimarc corp.'s MyPictureMarc 2005 Vl.O. In this case the average power spectra of the marked images is 35.99% higher. Hence we see that the proposed scheme is a tool for universal steganalysis with varying degrees of success depending on the type of embedding.
AB - In this paper we present a study of the effects of data hiding on the power spectra of digital images. Several imperceptible data hiding techniques have been proposed that provide strong visual security and robustness. Although imperceptible to the human visual system, the hidden data affects the natural qualities of the image, such as the image power spectrum. In this study, we classify a large image database into a number of categories. For each category, we calculate the slope of the power spectra for the marked and unmarked images. We note that in the case of spatial data hiding the average slope of the power spectra of marked images is 54.93% higher compared to that of the unmarked images. Also in the cases of transform domain data hiding we note that the average slope of the power spectra of the images marked using a discrete cosine (wavelet) transform (DC(W)T) based technique is higher by 9.12% (38.39%). We also test a commercially available data hiding software namely Digimarc corp.'s MyPictureMarc 2005 Vl.O. In this case the average power spectra of the marked images is 35.99% higher. Hence we see that the proposed scheme is a tool for universal steganalysis with varying degrees of success depending on the type of embedding.
KW - Data-hiding
KW - Power spectra
KW - Steganalysis
KW - Water-marking
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=48149093703&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=48149093703&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/ICIP.2007.4378981
DO - 10.1109/ICIP.2007.4378981
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:48149093703
SN - 1424414377
SN - 9781424414376
T3 - Proceedings - International Conference on Image Processing, ICIP
SP - 421
EP - 424
BT - 2007 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, ICIP 2007 Proceedings
T2 - 14th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, ICIP 2007
Y2 - 16 September 2007 through 19 September 2007
ER -