TY - JOUR
T1 - Distributed Control for Distributed Energy Resources
T2 - Long-Term Challenges and Lessons Learned
AU - Muhanji, Steffi O.
AU - Muzhikyan, Aramazd
AU - Farid, Amro M.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2013 IEEE.
PY - 2018/6/21
Y1 - 2018/6/21
N2 - Recently, the academic and industrial literature has arrived at a consensus in which the electric grid evolves to a more intelligent, responsive, dynamic, flexible, and adaptive system. This evolution is caused by several drivers including: decarbonization, electrified transportation, deregulation, growing electricity demand, and active consumer participation. Many of these changes will occur at the periphery of the grid, in the radial distribution system, and its potentially billions of demand-side resources. Such spatially distributed energy resources naturally require equally distributed control and electricity market design approaches to enable an increasingly active 'smart grid.' In that regard, this paper serves to highlight lessons recently learned from the literature and point to seven open long-term challenges facing the future design of electricity markets. They are: 1) simultaneously manage the technical and economic performance of the electricity grid; 2) span multiple operations time scales; 3) enable active demand side resources; 4) activate the power grid periphery; 5) promote synergies with interdependent infrastructures; 6) respect organizational jurisdictions; and 7) promote resilient self-healing operation. For each challenge, some recent contributions are highlighted and promising directions for future work are identified.
AB - Recently, the academic and industrial literature has arrived at a consensus in which the electric grid evolves to a more intelligent, responsive, dynamic, flexible, and adaptive system. This evolution is caused by several drivers including: decarbonization, electrified transportation, deregulation, growing electricity demand, and active consumer participation. Many of these changes will occur at the periphery of the grid, in the radial distribution system, and its potentially billions of demand-side resources. Such spatially distributed energy resources naturally require equally distributed control and electricity market design approaches to enable an increasingly active 'smart grid.' In that regard, this paper serves to highlight lessons recently learned from the literature and point to seven open long-term challenges facing the future design of electricity markets. They are: 1) simultaneously manage the technical and economic performance of the electricity grid; 2) span multiple operations time scales; 3) enable active demand side resources; 4) activate the power grid periphery; 5) promote synergies with interdependent infrastructures; 6) respect organizational jurisdictions; and 7) promote resilient self-healing operation. For each challenge, some recent contributions are highlighted and promising directions for future work are identified.
KW - Demand side resources
KW - Electric microgrids
KW - Electricity market structures
KW - Energy storage
KW - Power systems stakeholders
KW - Smart grid controls
KW - Variable energy resources
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85049114233&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85049114233&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2843720
DO - 10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2843720
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85049114233
VL - 6
SP - 32737
EP - 32753
JO - IEEE Access
JF - IEEE Access
ER -