Joint delay and Doppler estimation for passive sensing with direct-path interference

Xin Zhang, Hongbin Li, Jun Liu, Braham Himed

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

87 Scopus citations

Abstract

We consider the problem of joint delay-Doppler estimation of a moving target in a passive radar that employs a non-cooperative illuminator of opportunity (IO) for target illumination, a reference channel (RC) steered to the IO to obtain a reference signal, and a surveillance channel (SC) for target monitoring. We consider a practically motivated scenario, where the RC receives a noise-contaminated copy of the IO signal and the SC observation is polluted by a direct-path interference that is usually neglected by prior studies. We develop a data model without discretizing the parameter space, which may lead to a straddle loss, by treating both the delay and Doppler as continuous parameters. We propose an expectation-maximization based estimator, as well as a modified cross-correlation (MCC) estimator that is a computationally simpler solution resulting from an approximation of the former. In addition, we derive the Cramér-Rao lower bound for the estimation problem. Simulation results are presented to illustrate the performance of the proposed estimators and the widely used CC estimator.

Original languageEnglish
Article numberA630
Pages (from-to)630-640
Number of pages11
JournalIEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
Volume64
Issue number3
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 Feb 2016

Keywords

  • Direct-path interference
  • Joint delay-Doppler estimation
  • Noisy reference
  • Passive sensing

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