@inproceedings{976940b0e2ff4b8d9672fa5a7dd7a098,
title = "Live dynamic OCT imaging of cardiac structure and function in mouse embryos with 43 Hz direct volumetric data acquisition",
abstract = "Efficient phenotyping of cardiac dynamics in live mouse embryos has significant implications on understanding of early mammalian heart development and congenital cardiac defects. Recent studies established optical coherence tomography (OCT) as a powerful tool for live embryonic heart imaging in various animal models. However, current four-dimensional (4D) OCT imaging of the beating embryonic heart largely relies on gated data acquisition or postacquisition synchronization, which brings errors when cardiac cycles lack perfect periodicity and is time consuming and computationally expensive. Here, we report direct 4D OCT imaging of the structure and function of cardiac dynamics in live mouse embryos achieved by employing a Fourier domain mode-locking swept laser source that enables ∼1.5 MHz A-line rate. Through utilizing both forward and backward scans of a resonant mirror, we obtained a ∼6.4 kHz frame rate, which allows for a direct volumetric data acquisition speed of ∼43 Hz, around 20 times of the early-stage mouse embryonic heart rate. Our experiments were performed on mouse embryos at embryonic day 9.5. Time-resolved 3D cardiodynamics clearly shows the heart structure in motion. We present analysis of cardiac wall movement and its velocity from the primitive atrium and ventricle. Our results suggest that the combination of ultrahigh-speed OCT imaging with live embryo culture could be a useful embryonic heart phenotyping approach for mouse mutants modeling human congenital heart diseases.",
keywords = "Fourier domain mode-locking swept laser source, MHz A-line rate, beating heart, cardiac wall dynamics, live imaging, mouse embryo, optical coherence tomography, ultrafast imaging, volumetric imaging",
author = "Shang Wang and Manmohan Singh and Lopez, {Andrew L.} and Chen Wu and Raksha Raghunathan and Alexander Schill and Jiasong Li and Larin, {Kirill V.} and Larina, {Irina V.}",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2016 SPIE.; Optical Methods in Developmental Biology IV ; Conference date: 13-02-2016 Through 14-02-2016",
year = "2016",
doi = "10.1117/12.2210751",
language = "English",
series = "Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging - Proceedings of SPIE",
editor = "Choma, {Michael A.} and Fraser, {Scott E.} and Rollins, {Andrew M.}",
booktitle = "Optical Methods in Developmental Biology IV",
}