TY - JOUR
T1 - Melt pool temperature measurement and monitoring during laser powder bed fusion based additive manufacturing via single-camera two-wavelength imaging pyrometry (STWIP)
AU - Vallabh, Chaitanya Krishna Prasad
AU - Zhao, Xiayun
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Society of Manufacturing Engineers
PY - 2022/7
Y1 - 2022/7
N2 - Melt pool (MP) temperature is one of the determining factors and a key signature for evaluating the properties of printed components in metal additive manufacturing (AM). The state-of-the-art measurement systems are hindered, primarily by the large-scale data acquisition and processing demands. In this work, we introduce a novel coaxial, high-speed, single-camera two-wavelength imaging pyrometer (STWIP) system as opposed to the typical utilization of multiple cameras for measuring MP temperature profiles in laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) processes. Developed on a commercial LPBF machine (EOS M290), the STWIP system demonstrated its ability to quantitatively monitor the MP temperature and its variation for 50 layers at high framerates (>30,000 fps) for a real-world application (standard fatigue specimens) print. High performance computing is employed to analyze the acquired big data (MP images), for determining each MP's average temperature and 2D temperature profile. The MP temperature evolution in the gage section of a fatigue specimen is also examined at a temporal resolution of 1 ms, by evaluating the MP temperatures in the samples' first, middle, and last layers. This paper is first of its kind on monitoring MP temperature distribution and evolution at such a large, detailed scale for longer durations in practical applications.
AB - Melt pool (MP) temperature is one of the determining factors and a key signature for evaluating the properties of printed components in metal additive manufacturing (AM). The state-of-the-art measurement systems are hindered, primarily by the large-scale data acquisition and processing demands. In this work, we introduce a novel coaxial, high-speed, single-camera two-wavelength imaging pyrometer (STWIP) system as opposed to the typical utilization of multiple cameras for measuring MP temperature profiles in laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) processes. Developed on a commercial LPBF machine (EOS M290), the STWIP system demonstrated its ability to quantitatively monitor the MP temperature and its variation for 50 layers at high framerates (>30,000 fps) for a real-world application (standard fatigue specimens) print. High performance computing is employed to analyze the acquired big data (MP images), for determining each MP's average temperature and 2D temperature profile. The MP temperature evolution in the gage section of a fatigue specimen is also examined at a temporal resolution of 1 ms, by evaluating the MP temperatures in the samples' first, middle, and last layers. This paper is first of its kind on monitoring MP temperature distribution and evolution at such a large, detailed scale for longer durations in practical applications.
KW - Big data analytics
KW - Coaxial melt pool monitoring
KW - Laser powder bed fusion
KW - Measurement uncertainty
KW - Melt pool temperature
KW - Two-wavelength imaging pyrometry
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jmapro.2022.04.058
DO - 10.1016/j.jmapro.2022.04.058
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85129979745
SN - 1526-6125
VL - 79
SP - 486
EP - 500
JO - Journal of Manufacturing Processes
JF - Journal of Manufacturing Processes
ER -