TY - GEN
T1 - Nonlinear Rayleigh waves to detect initial damage leading to stress corrosion cracking in carbon steel
AU - Matlack, K. H.
AU - Kim, J. Y.
AU - Jacobs, L. J.
AU - Qu, J.
AU - Singh, P. M.
PY - 2012
Y1 - 2012
N2 - This research experimentally investigates second harmonic generation of Rayleigh waves propagating through carbon steel samples damaged in a stress corrosion environment. Damage from stress corrosion cracking is of major concern in nuclear reactor tubes and in gas and fuel transport pipelines. For example, certain types of stress corrosion cracking (SCC) account for more failures in steam generator tubes than most other damage mechanisms, yet these cracks do not initiate until late in the structure's life. Thus, there is a need to be able to measure the damage state prior to crack initiation, and it has been shown that the acoustic nonlinearity parameter - the parameter associated with second harmonic generation - is sensitive to microstructural evolution. In this work, samples are immersed in a sodium carbonate-bicarbonate solution, which typically forms in the soil surrounding buried pipelines affected by SCC, and held at yield stress for 5-15 days to the onset of stress corrosion cracking. Measurements of second harmonic generation with Rayleigh waves are taken intermittently to relate cumulative damage prior to macroscopic cracking to nonlinear wave propagation. Experimental results showing changes in second harmonic generation due to stress corrosion damage are presented.
AB - This research experimentally investigates second harmonic generation of Rayleigh waves propagating through carbon steel samples damaged in a stress corrosion environment. Damage from stress corrosion cracking is of major concern in nuclear reactor tubes and in gas and fuel transport pipelines. For example, certain types of stress corrosion cracking (SCC) account for more failures in steam generator tubes than most other damage mechanisms, yet these cracks do not initiate until late in the structure's life. Thus, there is a need to be able to measure the damage state prior to crack initiation, and it has been shown that the acoustic nonlinearity parameter - the parameter associated with second harmonic generation - is sensitive to microstructural evolution. In this work, samples are immersed in a sodium carbonate-bicarbonate solution, which typically forms in the soil surrounding buried pipelines affected by SCC, and held at yield stress for 5-15 days to the onset of stress corrosion cracking. Measurements of second harmonic generation with Rayleigh waves are taken intermittently to relate cumulative damage prior to macroscopic cracking to nonlinear wave propagation. Experimental results showing changes in second harmonic generation due to stress corrosion damage are presented.
KW - Nonlinear Guided Waves
KW - Stress Corrosion Cracking
KW - Ultrasonic Testing
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U2 - 10.1063/1.4716387
DO - 10.1063/1.4716387
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:84863615270
SN - 9780735410138
T3 - AIP Conference Proceedings
SP - 1452
EP - 1459
BT - Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation
T2 - 38th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation, QNDE
Y2 - 17 July 2011 through 22 July 2011
ER -