TY - JOUR
T1 - OFDM with generalized cascade index modulation for secure communications
AU - Zeng, Hu
AU - Xiaopin, Jin
AU - Yudong, Yao
AU - Fangjiong, Chen
AU - Dehuan, Wan
AU - Yun, Liu
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
IEEE
PY - 2024
Y1 - 2024
N2 - Cascade index modulation (CIM) is a recently proposed improvement of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing with index modulation (OFDM-IM) and achieves better error performance. In CIM, at least two different IM operations construct a super IM operation or achieve new functionality. First, we propose a OFDM with generalized CIM (OFDM-GCIM) scheme to achieve a joint IM of subcarrier selection and multiple-mode (MM) permutations by using a multilevel digital algorithm. Then, two schemes, called double CIM (D-CIM) and multiple-layer CIM (M-CIM), are proposed for secure communication, which combine new IM operation for disrupting the original order of bits and symbols with conventional OFDM-IM, to protect the legitimate users from eavesdropping in the wireless communications. A subcarrier-wise maximum likelihood (ML) detector and a low complexity log-likelihood ratio (LLR) detector are proposed for the legitimate users. A tight upper bound on the bit error rate (BER) of the proposed OFDM-GCIM, D-CIM and M-CIM at the legitimate users are derived in closed form by employing the ML criteria detection. Computer simulations and numerical results show that the proposed OFDM-GCIM achieves superior error performance than OFDM-IM, and the error performance at the eavesdroppers demonstrates the security of D-CIM and M-CIM.
AB - Cascade index modulation (CIM) is a recently proposed improvement of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing with index modulation (OFDM-IM) and achieves better error performance. In CIM, at least two different IM operations construct a super IM operation or achieve new functionality. First, we propose a OFDM with generalized CIM (OFDM-GCIM) scheme to achieve a joint IM of subcarrier selection and multiple-mode (MM) permutations by using a multilevel digital algorithm. Then, two schemes, called double CIM (D-CIM) and multiple-layer CIM (M-CIM), are proposed for secure communication, which combine new IM operation for disrupting the original order of bits and symbols with conventional OFDM-IM, to protect the legitimate users from eavesdropping in the wireless communications. A subcarrier-wise maximum likelihood (ML) detector and a low complexity log-likelihood ratio (LLR) detector are proposed for the legitimate users. A tight upper bound on the bit error rate (BER) of the proposed OFDM-GCIM, D-CIM and M-CIM at the legitimate users are derived in closed form by employing the ML criteria detection. Computer simulations and numerical results show that the proposed OFDM-GCIM achieves superior error performance than OFDM-IM, and the error performance at the eavesdroppers demonstrates the security of D-CIM and M-CIM.
KW - cascade index modulation
KW - low-complexity detector
KW - maximum likelihood
KW - OFDM
KW - physical layer security
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U2 - 10.23919/JCC.ea.2023-0052.202401
DO - 10.23919/JCC.ea.2023-0052.202401
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85190173509
SN - 1673-5447
SP - 1
EP - 16
JO - China Communications
JF - China Communications
ER -