Optimal Traffic-Power Flow in Urban Electrified Transportation Networks

This paper conducts an interdisciplinary study on the coordinated operation of both transportation system and power system. We consider an electrified transportation network enabled by wireless power transfer technology and coupled with a power distribution network (PDN) in the future city. The independent system operator, which is a public entity, is eligible to manage generation assets and charge congestion tolls (CTs) on electrified roads with the purpose of minimizing social cost. The route choices of electric vehicles are amenable to the Wardrop user equilibrium (UE) principle, such that no one can reduce his travel cost by changing route unilaterally. The traffic UE pattern further influences the spatial distribution of the electrical loads of the PDN. The power flow of the PDN is modeled through Dist-Flow equations. To find out the best generation schedule and CTs, we propose an optimal traffic-power flow model, which is a mixed integer nonlinear program with traffic UE constraints and further reformulated as a mixed integer second-order cone program, whose global optimal solution is accessible with reasonable computation effort. Case studies corroborate the benefits from the joint operation of the coupled networks, and demonstrate that ignoring the interdependency between the two critical infrastructures may lead to an insecure operation.