Optimality & the linear substitution calculus

We lift the theory of optimal reduction to a decomposition of the lambda calculus known as the Linear Substitution Calculus (LSC). LSC decomposes β-reduction into finer steps that manipulate substitutions in two distinctive ways: it uses context rules that allow substitutions to act "at a distance" and rewrites modulo a set of equations that allow substitutions to "float" in a term. We propose a notion of redex family obtained by adapting Lévy labels to support these two distinctive features. This is followed by a proof of the finite family developments theorem (FFD). We then apply FFD to prove an optimal reduction theorem for LSC. We also apply FFD to deduce additional novel properties of LSC, namely an algorithm for standardisation by selection and normalisation of a linear call-by-need reduction strategy. All results are proved in the axiomatic setting of Glauert and Khashidashvili's Deterministic Residual Structures.