Spectrum and Path Optimization in Urban Aerial Mobility Communication System: A Multi-Tier Systems Approach

Ensuring reliable and efficient communication in urban aerial mobility (UAM) networks is critical for missioncritical applications such as disaster response and search and rescue operations. Traditional approaches to optimizing communication performance often focus on isolated metrics such as age of information (AoI) or bit error rate (BER) without addressing the broader system-level constraints that impact real-world deployment. This paper presents a system-oriented approach to optimizing spectrum allocation and relay selection in UAM networks by integrating principles of systems engineering. The proposed framework accounts for scalability, energy efficiency, and regulatory compliance while ensuring seamless network adaptability. By incorporating flight dynamics, power constraints, and spectrum management into the decision-making process, the proposed approach enhances network stability and reliability. Simulation results demonstrate that our system-aware relay selection strategy significantly reduces AoI while maintaining efficient spectrum utilization and regulatory adherence. This work provides a foundation for the development of scalable, resilient, and regulation-compliant UAM communication architectures.