TY - JOUR
T1 - Stabilization of lead and copper contaminated firing range soil using calcined oyster shells and fly ash
AU - Moon, Deok Hyun
AU - Park, Jae Woo
AU - Cheong, Kyung Hoon
AU - Hyun, Seunghun
AU - Koutsospyros, Agamemnon
AU - Park, Jeong Hun
AU - Ok, Yong Sik
PY - 2013/12
Y1 - 2013/12
N2 - A stabilization/solidification treatment scheme was devised to stabilize Pb and Cu contaminated soil from a firing range using renewable waste resources as additives, namely waste oyster shells (WOS) and fly ash (FA). The WOS, serving as the primary stabilizing agent, was pre-treated at a high temperature to activate quicklime from calcite. Class C FA was used as a secondary additive along with the calcined oyster shells (COS). The effectiveness of the treatment was evaluated by means of the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) and the 0.1 M HCl extraction tests following a curing period of 28 days. The combined treatment with 10 wt% COS and 5 wt% FA cause a significant reduction in Pb (>98 %) and Cu (>96 %) leachability which was indicated by the results from both extraction tests (TCLP and 0.1 M HCl). Scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) analyses are used to investigate the mechanism responsible for Pb and Cu stabilization. SEM-EDX results indicate that effective Pb and Cu immobilization using the combined COS-FA treatment is most probably associated with ettringite and pozzolanic reaction products. The treatment results suggest that the combined COS-FA treatment is a cost effective method for the stabilization of firing range soil.
AB - A stabilization/solidification treatment scheme was devised to stabilize Pb and Cu contaminated soil from a firing range using renewable waste resources as additives, namely waste oyster shells (WOS) and fly ash (FA). The WOS, serving as the primary stabilizing agent, was pre-treated at a high temperature to activate quicklime from calcite. Class C FA was used as a secondary additive along with the calcined oyster shells (COS). The effectiveness of the treatment was evaluated by means of the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) and the 0.1 M HCl extraction tests following a curing period of 28 days. The combined treatment with 10 wt% COS and 5 wt% FA cause a significant reduction in Pb (>98 %) and Cu (>96 %) leachability which was indicated by the results from both extraction tests (TCLP and 0.1 M HCl). Scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) analyses are used to investigate the mechanism responsible for Pb and Cu stabilization. SEM-EDX results indicate that effective Pb and Cu immobilization using the combined COS-FA treatment is most probably associated with ettringite and pozzolanic reaction products. The treatment results suggest that the combined COS-FA treatment is a cost effective method for the stabilization of firing range soil.
KW - Copper
KW - Fly ash
KW - Lead
KW - Oyster shell
KW - Stabilization
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84886597877&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84886597877&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s10653-013-9528-9
DO - 10.1007/s10653-013-9528-9
M3 - Article
C2 - 23709229
AN - SCOPUS:84886597877
SN - 0269-4042
VL - 35
SP - 705
EP - 714
JO - Environmental Geochemistry and Health
JF - Environmental Geochemistry and Health
IS - 6
ER -